Pengembangan dan Validasi Instrumen Pandangan Guru Sekolah Menengah Terhadap Sifat-Sifat Sains
DOI:
10.29303/jipp.v10i3.3617Published:
2025-08-31Downloads
Abstract
Nature of Science (NOS) merupakan konsep yang kompleks yang mencakup filosofi, sosiologi dan sejarah dari pengetahuan ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan memvalidasi instrumen yang dapat mengukur pandangan guru terhadap sifat-sifat sains (Nature of Science/NOS) dan metode pengajarannya. Latar belakang penelitian ini didasarkan pada pentingnya pemahaman NOS dalam pendidikan sains serta terbatasnya instrumen yang sesuai dengan konteks lokal di Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif, instrumen dikembangkan dalam dua bagian utama: pandangan terhadap NOS dan metode pengajaran sains, yang masing-masing dinilai menggunakan skala Likert. Validasi dilakukan melalui evaluasi ahli dan uji coba lapangan guru sains tingkat menengah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa instrumen memiliki validitas isi dan konstruk yang baik serta reliabilitas yang memadai. Mayoritas guru menunjukkan pemahaman yang baik terhadap aspek pengamatan dan eksperimen, namun masih terdapat kelemahan dalam penalaran kritis. Instrumen ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alat yang efektif dalam evaluasi dan pengembangan profesional guru sains, serta peningkatan kualitas pendidikan sains di sekolah menengah.
Keywords:
guru sains, nature of science, pendidikan sains.References
Abd-El-Khalick, F., & Lederman, N. G. (2000). Improving science teachers’ conceptions of nature of science. Journal of Research in Science Teaching.
Abell, S. K. (2007). "Research on Science Teacher Knowledge." In Handbook of Research on Science Education (pp. 110-126). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Abell, S. K., & Lederman, N. G. (2007). Handbook of Research on Science Education. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Akerson, V. L., Morrison, J. A., & Donnelly, L. A. (2011). The Influence of Elementary Teachers' Conceptions of Nature of Science on Their Teaching Practices. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(2), 165-196. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.20412
Baker, E. L. (2001). Validity and Reliability in Educational Assessment. In Educational Measurement (pp. 1-34). Westport, CT: Praeger.
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (2003). Educational research: An introduction. Pearson.
Cohen, R. J., & Swerdlik, M. E. (2018). Psychological Testing and Assessment (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika.
DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale Development: Theory and Applications (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Duit, R., & Treagust, D. F. (2003). "Conceptual Change: A Powerful Framework for Improving Teaching and Learning in Science." In International Journal of Science Education, 25(6), 671-688.
Erduran, S., & Dagher, Z. R. (2014). Reconceptualizing the Nature of Science for Science Education. New York, NY: Springer.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Haynes, S. N., Richard, D. C. S., & Kubany, E. S. (1995). Content Validity in Psychological Assessment: A Functional Approach to Concepts and Methods. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 238-247. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.238
Lederman, N. G. (1992). Students' and Teachers' Conceptions of the Nature of Science: A Review of the Research. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29(4), 331-359. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660290404
Lederman, N. G., & Niess, M. L. (2000). "The Role of Teachers' Beliefs in the Teaching and Learning of Science." In Handbook of Research on Science Education (pp. 1-25). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Longino, H. E. (1990). Science as Social Knowledge: Values and Objectivity in Scientific Inquiry. Princeton University Press.
Messick, S. (1995). Validity of Psychological Assessment: Validation of Inferences from Persons' Responses and Performances as Scientific Inquiry. American Psychologist, 50(9), 741-749. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.50.9.741
Polit, D. F., et al. (2007). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? Research in Nursing & Health.
Schreiber, J. B., et al. (2006). Reporting structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis results. Journal of Educational Research.
Zohar, A., & Nemet, F. (2002). Fostering Students' Knowledge and Argumentation Skills through Dilemmas in Human Genetics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39(1), 35-62. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.10006
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Suci Lestari, Nisa Hidayatullah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
klik di sini 
